`bluetooth` --- 提供无线蓝牙功能¶

该模块提供ble蓝牙通讯、HID模拟设备功能。

ble类¶

ble类, 支持客户端与主机端的BLE通讯及HID功能。HID功能,遵循BLE HID规范,可实现模拟无线蓝牙HID设备(如鼠标，键盘，游戏手柄等人机交互设备)。

class bluetooth.ble¶

BLE 通讯¶

ble.init(name="mpython")¶

BLE客户端设备初始化。当不带参数时,默认客户端设备名为 mpython 。

name - 客户端设备名称,字符串类型。

ble.start_advertising()¶: BLE客户端设备开启广播。开启后,可被BLE主机设置搜索。

ble.board_send(buf)¶: BLE客户端向BLE主机端发送字节缓存

ble.board_register_output_callback(f)¶: 接收BLE主机端的数据的回调函数, f 为回调函数,函数定义如下, f(bytearray) 。

ble.stop_advertising()¶: BLE客户端设备关闭广播

ble.hidd_send_consumer(ble.HID_CONSUMER_xxx, True)¶

模拟HID消费类设备的控制器。如,蓝牙遥控器。

第一参数 - HID Consumer类的常用的按键ID。如你想控制电视机开机,则用 ble.HID_CONSUMER_POWER 。具体的按键常量详见 HID Consumer ID表。
第二参数- 按键状态, True 为按下, False 为松开。

电视遥控音量加减的示例:

# 导入蓝牙ble类
from bluetooth import ble
import time

# ble初始化
ble.init()
# 等待主机设备连接
time.sleep(2)
# 按下音量+
ble.hidd_send_consumer(ble.HID_CONSUMER_VOLUME_UP,True)
# 按下保持状态
time.sleep(1)
# 释放按键
ble.hidd_send_consumer(ble.HID_CONSUMER_VOLUME_UP,False)

# 按下音量-
ble.hidd_send_consumer(ble.HID_CONSUMER_VOLUME_DOWN,True)
# 按下保持状态
time.sleep(1)
# 释放按键
ble.hidd_send_consumer(ble.HID_CONSUMER_VOLUME_DOWN,False)

ble.hidd_send_keyboard(keys = [key1...], modifier = KEY_MASK_NONE)¶

模拟HID键盘设备。

keys - 一个或多个按键的数组类型。当数组内成员表示为按下的按键,如要释放按键只需将数组内对应位置的值赋值为0。具体的按键常量详见 HID Keyboard ID表。
modifier - 键盘组合按键,默认为 KEY_MASK_NONE 表示为单按键 ,可以为以下值。如要用到2个组合按键,可使用 | 或逻辑运算,像 Ctrl + Alt 组合按键时为 KEY_MASK_L_CTRL | KEY_MASK_L_ALT
- KEY_MASK_NONE - 0
- KEY_MASK_L_CTRL - 1
- KEY_MASK_L_SHIFT - 2
- KEY_MASK_L_ALT - 4
- KEY_MASK_L_GUI - 8
- KEY_MASK_R_CTRL - 16
- KEY_MASK_R_SHIFT - 32
- KEY_MASK_R_ALT - 64
- KEY_MASK_R_GUI - 128

键盘示例:

# Ctrl + F组合按键
ble.hidd_send_keyboard([ble.HID_KEY_F],ble.KEY_MASK_L_CTRL)
# 释放按键
ble.hidd_send_keyboard([0])

# Ctrl + Alt + Del 组合按键
ble.hidd_send_keyboard([ble.HID_KEYPAD_DOT],ble.KEY_MASK_L_CTRL | ble.KEY_MASK_L_ALT )
 # 释放按键
ble.hidd_send_keyboard([0])

# 单按键 A
ble.hidd_send_keyboard([ble.HID_KEY_A])
# 释放按键
ble.hidd_send_keyboard([0])

ble.hidd_send_mouse(button = 0, x = 0, y = 0)¶

模拟HID鼠标设备。

button - 鼠标按键, 可以为以下值:

0 - 释放按键

ble.HID_MOUSE_LEFT - 鼠标左键

ble.HID_MOUSE_MIDDLE - 鼠标中键

ble.HID_MOUSE_RIGHT - 鼠标右键

x - 鼠标坐标x轴的相对位移,范围-1023 ~ 1023

y - 鼠标坐标y轴的相对位移,范围-1023 ~ 1023

鼠标示例:

# 按下鼠标左键
ble.hidd_send_mouse(ble.HID_MOUSE_LEFT)
# 释放鼠标按键
ble.hidd_send_mouse(0)
# 坐标x轴位移
ble.hidd_send_mouse(x = 50 )

常量¶

HID Consumer¶

HID Consumer Usage IDs	数值	定义
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_POWER`	48	Power
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_RESET`	49	Reset
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_SLEEP`	50	Sleep
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_MENU`	64	Menu
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_SELECTION`	128	Selection
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_ASSIGN_SEL`	129	Assign Selection
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_MODE_STEP`	130	Mode Step
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_RECALL_LAST`	131	Recall Last
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_QUIT`	148	Quit
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_HELP`	149	Help
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_CHANNEL_UP`	156	Channel Increment
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_CHANNEL_DOWN`	157	Channel Decrement
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_PLAY`	176	Play
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_PAUSE`	177	Pause
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_RECORD`	178	Record
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_FAST_FORWARD`	179	Fast Forward
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_REWIND`	180	Rewind
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_SCAN_NEXT_TRK`	181	Scan Next Track
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_SCAN_PREV_TRK`	182	Scan Previous Track
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_STOP`	183	Stop
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_EJECT`	184	Eject
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_RANDOM_PLAY`	185	Random Play
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_SELECT_DISC`	186	Select Disk
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_ENTER_DISC`	187	Enter Disc
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_REPEAT`	188	Repeat
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_STOP_EJECT`	204	Stop/Eject
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_PLAY_PAUSE`	205	Play/Pause
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_PLAY_SKIP`	206	Play/Skip
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_VOLUME`	224	Volume
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_BALANCE`	225	Balance
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_MUTE`	226	Mute
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_BASS`	227	Bass
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_VOLUME_UP`	233	Volume Increment
`ble.HID_CONSUMER_VOLUME_DOWN`	234	Volume Decrement

HID Keyboard¶

HID Keyboard Usage IDs	数值	定义
`ble.HID_KEY_A`	4	Keyboard A and a
`ble.HID_KEY_B`	5	Keyboard B and b
`ble.HID_KEY_C`	6	Keyboard C and c
`ble.HID_KEY_D`	7	Keyboard D and d
`ble.HID_KEY_E`	8	Keyboard E and e
`ble.HID_KEY_F`	9	Keyboard F and f
`ble.HID_KEY_G`	10	Keyboard G and g
`ble.HID_KEY_H`	11	Keyboard H and h
`ble.HID_KEY_I`	12	Keyboard I and i
`ble.HID_KEY_J`	13	Keyboard J and j
`ble.HID_KEY_K`	14	Keyboard K and k
`ble.HID_KEY_L`	15	Keyboard L and l
`ble.HID_KEY_M`	16	Keyboard M and m
`ble.HID_KEY_N`	17	Keyboard N and n
`ble.HID_KEY_O`	18	Keyboard O and o
`ble.HID_KEY_P`	19	Keyboard P and p
`ble.HID_KEY_Q`	20	Keyboard Q and q
`ble.HID_KEY_R`	21	Keyboard R and r
`ble.HID_KEY_S`	22	Keyboard S and s
`ble.HID_KEY_T`	23	Keyboard T and t
`ble.HID_KEY_U`	24	Keyboard U and u
`ble.HID_KEY_V`	25	Keyboard V and v
`ble.HID_KEY_W`	26	Keyboard W and w
`ble.HID_KEY_X`	27	Keyboard X and x
`ble.HID_KEY_Y`	28	Keyboard Y and y
`ble.HID_KEY_Z`	29	Keyboard Z and z
`ble.HID_KEY_1`	30	Keyboard 1
`ble.HID_KEY_2`	31	Keyboard 2
`ble.HID_KEY_3`	32	Keyboard 3
`ble.HID_KEY_4`	33	Keyboard 4
`ble.HID_KEY_5`	34	Keyboard 5
`ble.HID_KEY_6`	35	Keyboard 6
`ble.HID_KEY_7`	36	Keyboard 7
`ble.HID_KEY_8`	37	Keyboard 8
`ble.HID_KEY_9`	38	Keyboard 9
`ble.HID_KEY_0`	39	Keyboard 0
`ble.HID_KEY_RETURN`	40	Keyboard Return (ENTER)
`ble.HID_KEY_ESCAPE`	41	Keyboard ESCAPE
`ble.HID_KEY_DELETE`	42	Keyboard DELETE (Backspace)
`ble.HID_KEY_TAB`	43	Keyboard Tab
`ble.HID_KEY_SPACEBAR`	44	Keyboard Spacebar
`ble.HID_KEY_MINUS`	45	Keyboard - and (underscore)
`ble.HID_KEY_EQUAL`	46	Keyboard = and +
`ble.HID_KEY_LEFT_BRKT`	47	Keyboard [ and {
`ble.HID_KEY_RIGHT_BRKT`	48	Keyboard ] and }
`ble.HID_KEY_BACK_SLASH`	49	Keyboard and \|
`ble.HID_KEY_SEMI_COLON`	51	Keyboard ; and :
`ble.HID_KEY_SGL_QUOTE`	52	Keyboard ' and "
`ble.HID_KEY_GRV_ACCENT`	53	Keyboard Grave Accent and Tilde
`ble.HID_KEY_COMMA`	54	Keyboard , and <
`ble.HID_KEY_DOT`	55	Keyboard . and >
`ble.HID_KEY_FWD_SLASH`	56	Keyboard / and ?
`ble.HID_KEY_CAPS_LOCK`	57	Keyboard Caps Lock
`ble.HID_KEY_F1`	58	Keyboard F1
`ble.HID_KEY_F2`	59	Keyboard F2
`ble.HID_KEY_F3`	60	Keyboard F3
`ble.HID_KEY_F4`	61	Keyboard F4
`ble.HID_KEY_F5`	62	Keyboard F5
`ble.HID_KEY_F6`	63	Keyboard F6
`ble.HID_KEY_F7`	64	Keyboard F7
`ble.HID_KEY_F8`	65	Keyboard F8
`ble.HID_KEY_F9`	66	Keyboard F9
`ble.HID_KEY_F10`	67	Keyboard F10
`ble.HID_KEY_F11`	68	Keyboard F11
`ble.HID_KEY_F12`	69	Keyboard F12
`ble.HID_KEY_PRNT_SCREEN`	70	Keyboard Print Screen
`ble.HID_KEY_SCROLL_LOCK`	71	Keyboard Scroll Lock
`ble.HID_KEY_PAUSE`	72	Keyboard Pause
`ble.HID_KEY_INSERT`	73	Keyboard Insert
`ble.HID_KEY_HOME`	74	Keyboard Home
`ble.HID_KEY_PAGE_UP`	75	Keyboard PageUp
`ble.HID_KEY_DELETE_FWD`	76	Keyboard Delete Forward
`ble.HID_KEY_END`	77	Keyboard End
`ble.HID_KEY_PAGE_DOWN`	78	Keyboard PageDown
`ble.HID_KEY_RIGHT_ARROW`	79	Keyboard RightArrow
`ble.HID_KEY_LEFT_ARROW`	80	Keyboard LeftArrow
`ble.HID_KEY_DOWN_ARROW`	81	Keyboard DownArrow
`ble.HID_KEY_UP_ARROW`	82	Keyboard UpArrow
`ble.HID_KEY_NUM_LOCK`	83	Keypad Num Lock and Clear
`ble.HID_KEY_DIVIDE`	84	Keypad /
`ble.HID_KEY_MULTIPLY`	85	Keypad *
`ble.HID_KEY_SUBTRACT`	86	Keypad -
`ble.HID_KEY_ADD`	87	Keypad +-
`ble.HID_KEY_ENTER`	88	Keypad ENTER
`ble.HID_KEYPAD_1`	89	Keypad 1 and End
`ble.HID_KEYPAD_2`	90	Keypad 2 and Down Arrow
`ble.HID_KEYPAD_3`	91	Keypad 3 and PageDn
`ble.HID_KEYPAD_4`	92	Keypad 4 and Lfet Arrow
`ble.HID_KEYPAD_5`	93	Keypad 5
`ble.HID_KEYPAD_6`	94	Keypad 6 and Right Arrow
`ble.HID_KEYPAD_7`	95	Keypad 7 and Home
`ble.HID_KEYPAD_8`	96	Keypad 8 and Up Arrow
`ble.HID_KEYPAD_9`	97	Keypad 9 and PageUp
`ble.HID_KEYPAD_0`	98	Keypad 0 and Insert
`ble.HID_KEYPAD_DOT`	99	Keypad . and Delete
`ble.HID_KEY_MUTE`	127	Keyboard Mute
`ble.HID_KEY_VOLUME_UP`	128	Keyboard Volume up
`ble.HID_KEY_VOLUME_DOWN`	129	Keyboard Volume down

HID Mouse¶

HID Mouse Usage IDs	数值	定义
`ble.HID_MOUSE_LEFT`	253	Mouse Left
`ble.HID_MOUSE_MIDDLE`	254	Mouse Middle
`ble.HID_MOUSE_RIGHT`	255	Mouse Right

PPT 翻页遥控器¶

# MIT license; Copyright (c) 2019 Labplus & mPython Development 
# V1.0 Tangliufeng
# 掌控板PPT翻页遥控器
# 使用方式: 短按键A-上页；短按键B-下页；长按键A-进入放映；长按键B-退出放映
#
from mpython import *
from bluetooth import ble
import time
# 按键状态标志
btn_a_status, btn_b_status = [0, 0]

oled.DispChar('PPT 翻页控制器',20,20)
oled.show()

# ble初始化
ble.init('PPT_Remote')
# 等待蓝牙主机
sleep(2)

while True:
    # 当按键A为低电平且标志为0
    if button_a.value() == 0 and btn_a_status == 0:
        btn_a_time = time.ticks_ms()
        # 按键保持标志
        a_hold_flag = False
        # 当按键一直按下
        while not button_a.value():
            # 当按下保持2秒
            if time.ticks_diff(time.ticks_ms(), btn_a_time) > 2000:
                # 发送 F5,放映幻灯片
                ble.hidd_send_keyboard([ble.HID_KEY_F5])
                print("Pressed F5")
                # 按键保持标志置为1
                a_hold_flag = True
                break
        # 如果没有持续按下按键
        if a_hold_flag is False:
            # 发送 LeftArrow,幻灯片上页
            ble.hidd_send_keyboard([ble.HID_KEY_LEFT_ARROW])
            print("Pressed LeftArrow")
        # 按键状态置为1
        btn_a_status = 1

    # 当按键A为高电平且标志为1时,释放按键
    elif button_a.value() == 1 and btn_a_status == 1:
        print("Relesed Button A")
        ble.hidd_send_keyboard([0])
        btn_a_status = 0

    if button_b.value() == 0 and btn_b_status == 0:
        btn_b_time = time.ticks_ms()
        b_hold_flag = False

        while not button_b.value():
            if time.ticks_diff(time.ticks_ms(), btn_b_time) > 2000:
                # 发送 ESC,退出放映幻灯片
                ble.hidd_send_keyboard([ble.HID_KEY_ESCAPE])
                print("Pressed ESC")
                b_hold_flag = True
                break

        if b_hold_flag is False:
            # 发送 RightArrow,幻灯片翻页
            ble.hidd_send_keyboard([ble.HID_KEY_RIGHT_ARROW])
            print("Pressed RightArrow")

        btn_b_status = 1

    elif button_b.value() == 1 and btn_b_status == 1:
        print("Relesed Button B")
        ble.hidd_send_keyboard([0])
        btn_b_status = 0

bluetooth --- 提供无线蓝牙功能¶